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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0630\u0646\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0642\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u00a0 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a\u00a0 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a>*\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628&#8221;- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 9- \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629- \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641 2017.<\/p>\n<p><sup><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/sup><sup>*<\/sup>\u0640\u00a0 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0640 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0628 \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><sup><strong>[2]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211; Ernst , Cassirer, kants life and his thought , trans. By: james hoden<\/p>\n<p>Ed. by: New Haven , london. u. press. 1981,p.78-80<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><sup><strong>[3]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211; \u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c (\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637)\u060c \u06372 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1976\u0645 \u0635 7-9\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643: \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637\u060c \u06371 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1976\u0645\u060c \u0635 7 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\"><sup><strong>[4]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u062c\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0631 (\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a) \u062a\u0631:\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0643\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f\u060c 1991\u0645\u00a0 339\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\"><sup><strong>[5]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637\u060c \u062a\u0631: \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u06371 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1971\u060c \u063511.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\"><sup><strong>[6]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0646) \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 329.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\"><sup><strong>[7]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a \u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 387.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\"><sup><strong>[8]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0637 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1987\u0645\u060c \u0635 482.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\"><sup><strong>[9]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 In la espirtuolided ,de. Al -gazelx susentedo Oristiono.\u00a0 \u0639\u0646 [\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646] \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627 (\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f)\u060c\u0635412 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635317\u060c324\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c\u062c2 \u0635229\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c\u063551.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\"><sup><strong>[10]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629)\u060c\u0635397. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646: \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635324.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\"><sup><strong>[11]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647: \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u060c(\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a) \u0635381.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\"><sup><strong>[12]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u062e\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u06373 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c1969\u060c\u0635141.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\"><sup><strong>[13]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211; \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f\u060c\u063510\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c\u062c2\u060c\u0635240. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646:<\/p>\n<p>R.H.popkin,sub.sk. in Ency. of ph. vol 7.p.451, And -F.Rahmans,sub.Islamic.Ph.in\u00a0\u00a0 Ency. Of.ph. vol4, p.222 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u00a0 Birgh. Altahfut ,Vol ,I.p.33<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\"><sup><strong>[14]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211; \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u063541\u064842. \u0648\u0632\u063a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628.\u062a\u0631: \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c\u06371 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c1964\u060c\u0635204.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\"><sup><strong>[15]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211; \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631\u00a0 M.M.Sharief.\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u062a: \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0644\u0628\u064a \u06372\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c1966\u060c\u063598\u060c99\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c\u06371 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628.\u062a.\u060c\u0635147\u060c148\u060c\u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u06371 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a 1965\u0645\u060c\u063539\u060c\u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u060c \u0635136.\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c\u062c1\u060c\u0635124.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\"><sup><strong>[16]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 M.M.\u00a0 Sharief \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u063599\u060c100.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\"><sup><strong>[17]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c (1) \u063529-30\u060c \u0639\u0646: \u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u060c (\u0628\u062d\u062b)\u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635400.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\"><sup><strong>[18]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211; \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u06372 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c 1968\u0645\u060c\u0635227. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0635100.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\"><sup><strong>[19]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 Birgh, Althafut ,Vol(1,p.30 andJ.R.Wienberg, Sub. Necolas, In: Ency.of.ph. Vol5,p.500.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u00a0 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646:\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0635112\u0648\u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u06371\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c1975\u0645\u060c\u063519. \u0648\u0632\u0643\u064a \u0646\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c\u06373 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1978\u0645\u060c \u0635354\u060c342.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\"><sup><strong>[20]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:. Birgh, Althafut ,Vol(1,p.30 andJ.R.Wienberg, Sub. Necolas, In: Ency.of.ph. Vol5,p.500<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\"><sup><strong>[21]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c\u0635147-149. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c\u063541\u060c213. \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0631\u0648\u062e\u060c\u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c\u0635142.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\"><sup><strong>[22]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 Henry Corbin,Sub.Al-Ghasali. in: Ency.of ph.Vol.3 p.327.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\"><sup><strong>[23]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211; Articale: Eternity, In G.Book..Vol.p.440,441.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\"><sup><strong>[24]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b) \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635385. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646: \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u063535 \u0648\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628:\u062c3\u060c\u0635365.\u062c8\u060c\u0635429\u060c\u062c4\u060c\u063543\u060c \u0648\u0635213.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\"><sup><strong>[25]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211; \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063536.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\"><sup><strong>[26]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u063536.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\"><sup><strong>[27]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0639\u0646: \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635415.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\"><sup><strong>[28]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 Kant,La Relegion dans les limites de La Simple Raison. \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635415.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\"><sup><strong>[29]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2003\u0645\u060c \u0635. \u0635\u060c 173-194.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\"><sup><strong>[30]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u060c \u0635 375-378. \u0648\u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637\u060c \u0635.\u0635\u060c172-195.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref31\" name=\"_ftn31\"><sup><strong>[31]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c 182- 187. \u0648\u0635 409- 430.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref32\" name=\"_ftn32\"><sup><strong>[32]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0627\u0631\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c\u062a\u0631:\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0631\u060c\u06371 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c1957\u060c\u0635258.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref33\" name=\"_ftn33\"><sup><strong>[33]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c\u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0635215.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref34\" name=\"_ftn34\"><sup><strong>[34]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211; \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644: \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 =(\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c=(\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 (\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629) \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0636\u0647\u0627 (\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 =(\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646) \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0636 =(\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646) \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637) \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0646\u00a0 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u00a0 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0636. \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644: \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2003\u0645\u060c \u0635. \u0635\u060c 310 &#8211; 348.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref35\" name=\"_ftn35\"><sup><strong>[35]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>&#8211;\u00a0 \u0623 \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635\u060c 348 &#8211; 360.<\/p>\n<p>____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>* \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639- \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629- 1439\u0647\u0640 &#8211; \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641 2017.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a* &nbsp; 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