{"id":2701,"date":"2025-03-03T13:47:25","date_gmt":"2025-03-03T11:47:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/?p=2701"},"modified":"2025-03-03T13:47:25","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T11:47:25","slug":"%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a7-%d8%aa%d9%83%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%86%d8%ab%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%88%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%b9%d8%af%d9%88%d9%8b%d9%91%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/?p=2701","title":{"rendered":"\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629!"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 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\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u00a0<strong>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0640\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0648<\/strong>(Cesar Lombroso)<a id=\"_ednref2\" href=\"https:\/\/altanweeri.net\/15275\/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8B%D9%91%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85\/?amp#_edn2\">[2]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0648 (Guglielmo Ferrero)\u00a0<a id=\"_ednref3\" href=\"https:\/\/altanweeri.net\/15275\/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8B%D9%91%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85\/?amp#_edn3\">[3]<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u00a0<strong>\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0640\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u201d\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sup>(<\/sup><\/strong><a id=\"_ednref4\" href=\"https:\/\/altanweeri.net\/15275\/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8B%D9%91%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85\/?amp#_edn4\">[4]<\/a><strong><sup>)<\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0630\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0640\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0640\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0640\u0629 \u062b\u0640\u0645\u0651 \u0645\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0640\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0640\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0648 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0629\u201d (<\/strong>The Female Offender<strong>)\u00a0<\/strong><a id=\"_ednref5\" href=\"https:\/\/altanweeri.net\/15275\/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8B%D9%91%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85\/?amp#_edn5\"><strong>[5]<\/strong><\/a><strong>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1893\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0640\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0640\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0640\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0640\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0640\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0640\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0640\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0635\u0646\u0651\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u0640\u064a 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href=\"https:\/\/altanweeri.net\/15275\/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8B%D9%91%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85\/?amp#_ednref2\">[2]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<strong>\u0633\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0648<\/strong><strong>\u00a0(Cesare Lombroso)<\/strong>\u00a0: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b. \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a\u00a0<strong>6 \u00a0\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1835<\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u00a0<strong>19 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1909<\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0648. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_edn3\" href=\"https:\/\/altanweeri.net\/15275\/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8B%D9%91%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85\/?amp#_ednref3\">[3]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<strong>\u062c\u0648\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0648<\/strong><strong>\u00a0(Guglielmo Ferrero)<\/strong>\u00a0(1871-1942) \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u00a0<strong>\u0633\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0648<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_edn4\" href=\"https:\/\/altanweeri.net\/15275\/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8B%D9%91%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85\/?amp#_ednref4\">[4]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u0622\u062b\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u00a0\u00a0 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0640\u0648\u0627\u0646La femme criminelle la prostit\u00e9e la naturelle \u00a0<em>.\u00a0<\/em>\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0640\u0627\u064f \u0643\u0628\u0640\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0640\u062f\u0627\u0646\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0640\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1903 \u060c \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0640\u0631\u0627\u062a (1911 \u060c1915\u060c \u060c1923\u00a0\u00a0 \u060c1927\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0646\u0627 Gina \u00a0\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1893 . \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1894 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1895 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0640\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0640\u0627\u0645 1896 .<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_edn5\" href=\"https:\/\/altanweeri.net\/15275\/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8B%D9%91%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85\/?amp#_ednref5\">[5]<\/a>\u2013 Cesare Lombroso and Guglielmo Ferrero,\u00a0 The Female Offender, Trnalate:\u00a0 William Ferrero, D. Appleton and Company, new York , 1895.<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_edn6\" href=\"https:\/\/altanweeri.net\/15275\/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8B%D9%91%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85\/?amp#_ednref6\">[6]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<strong>\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u00a0:(Giuseppe Sergi)<\/strong>\u00a0(1841\u20131936) \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_edn7\" href=\"https:\/\/altanweeri.net\/15275\/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8B%D9%91%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85\/?amp#_ednref7\">[7]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<strong>Paolo Mantegazza<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0(1831\u20131910) : \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0645\u062c\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>__________________<br \/>\n<strong>*\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0637\u0641\u0629 \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 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&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2702,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2701","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-33"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2701","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2701"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2701\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2703,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2701\/revisions\/2703"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2702"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2701"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2701"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2701"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}