{"id":4196,"date":"2026-02-24T15:13:09","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T13:13:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/?p=4196"},"modified":"2026-02-24T15:13:09","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T13:13:09","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%8f%d9%91%d9%87%d9%8f%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%b7%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/?p=4196","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0651\u0647\u064f\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"
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__________<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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________________________<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\n
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\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0644\u061f<\/div>\n
\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644” (CTM) \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0650\u0651\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0648”\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631”( (LOT \u0623\u0648 Mentalese) ) . \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064e\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0648\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f: \u00ab\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u062a\u064e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u00bb. \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0643 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u064d\u0651 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627. \u0644\u0639\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 CTM \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a “\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0650\u0651” (PSSH) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1976\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0635\u064f\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00bb. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064f\u0651 \u0647\u0648 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0651. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a CTM \u0648PSSH \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u060c\u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u0648\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f GOFAI) ) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0645\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/div>\n
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\n
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\n
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\n
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\n
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\n
\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064e\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 – “AI: A Modern Approach” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0650\u0651 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 – \u0644\u062e\u0635\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0651\u0647\u064f\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064f!\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064d\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0651\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0650\u0651\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651 – \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651 – \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u062a.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0645\u0644\u062e\u064e\u0651\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0651\u0647\u064f\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
1-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 :(Acting Humanly) \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0635\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1950 \u0644\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064f\u0651\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0651. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064f\u0651\u0643 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0651 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0650\u0651\u060c \u0625\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u064f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f.<\/div>\n
2-\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0652\u0630\u064e\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 :(Cognitive Modeling) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637. \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0650\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651.<\/div>\n
3-\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651 :(Ideal Thinking) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u064d\u0651. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0650\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0650\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0650\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644.<\/div>\n
4-\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651 :(Rational Agent) \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0651 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0650\u0651\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064f\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
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\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u062b\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u064d\u0651 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0633\u0651\u062f. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0624\u0643\u0650\u0651\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0651\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0651 (TTT)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631. \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u064e\u0651\u0635 \u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621\u064c \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064c\u0651 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641.<\/div>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u064d\u0651 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645\u064f\u0651 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u0650\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 (Syntactical)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 (Semantic) \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629. \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0639\u064a\u064d \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064d \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064d\u0651\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0638\u0644\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 .(First-Person Perspective)<\/div>\n
\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0648”\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0628\u062c\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629”. \u0641\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651 (Imagination) \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0644\u064f\u0651 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644. \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064f\u0651 – \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 – \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u063a\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0634\u064d \u0645\u0641\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0629<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
29 :Transducers- \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0651\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633.<\/div>\n
30: For-me-ness- \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u064c\u0651 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a “\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0644\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u064b”.<\/div>\n
31: Imagination- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/div>\n
32: Hesslow- \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a.<\/div>\n
33: Jirenhed- \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a.<\/div>\n
34: Chrisley- \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 (Synthetic Phenomenology) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/div>\n
35: Parthemore- \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629\u2013\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/div>\n
36: Synthetic Phenomenology- \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0651\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a.<\/div>\n
37: Kiverstein- \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 “\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0651\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629” \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651.<\/div>\n
38: Dynamic Sensory Motor (DSM)- \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0641\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629” \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0651\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629.<\/div>\n
39: Comprehensive Self-Simulation- \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064d\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629.<\/div>\n
40: Bringsjord- \u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651.<\/div>\n
41: Torrance- \u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629.<\/div>\n
42: Total Turing Test (TTT)- \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0651\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064f\u0651\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/div>\n
43: Informal knowledge- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629.<\/div>\n
44: Formal terms- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/div>\n
45: In principle- \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651.<\/div>\n
46: In practice- \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651.<\/div>\n
47: Rational agent- \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064f\u0651\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064f\u0651\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/div>\n
48: Aunt Bertha- \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621.<\/div>\n
49: Harnad- \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0651\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651.<\/div>\n
50: Totally Turing Test (TTT)- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0650 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651.<\/div>\n
51: Symbol Manipulation- \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0643\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629.<\/div>\n
52: Syntactical- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0651 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064f\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649.<\/div>\n
53: Semantic- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0651 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064f\u0651\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632.<\/div>\n
\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649.<\/div>\n
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\n
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\n
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\n
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\n
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\n
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\n
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\n
1- \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u060c \u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u060c 1383\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a.<\/div>\n
2- \u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c 1382\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0641\u060c \u062a\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0646\u062c\u0641\u0642\u0644\u06cc \u062d\u0628\u06cc\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u062d\u06a9\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627.<\/div>\n
1420 \u0647\u0640.\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u06a9\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
3- Arkoudas, K., & Bringsjord, S., 2014, Philosophical foundations, In: Franklin, Keith & Ramsy, William (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, Cambridge University Press.<\/div>\n
4- Block, N., 2007, Consciousness, Function, and Representation, The MIT Press.<\/div>\n
5- Boden, M., 2014, GOFAI, In: Franklin, Keith & Ramsy, William (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, Cambridge University Press.<\/div>\n
6- Chalmers, D., 1996, Does A Rock Implement Every Finite-State Automaton?, Synthese, 108, pp.309-333.<\/div>\n
7- Clowes, R., & Torrance, S., & Chrisley, R., 2007, “Machine Consciousness, Embodiment and Imagination”, Journal of Consciousness Studies, 14, No. 7, pp. 9\u201313.<\/div>\n
8- Dreyfus, H., 1999, What Computers Still Can’t Do, MIT Press.<\/div>\n
9- Fodor, J., 1987, Psychosemantics: The Problem of Meaning in the Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.<\/div>\n
10- Harnad, S. 1990, “The symbol grounding problem”, Physica D 42: 335\u201346.<\/div>\n
11- Haugeland, J. 1985, Artificial Intelligence: The Very Idea, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.<\/div>\n
12- Kurtzweil, R., 1999, The Age of Spiritual Machines; When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence, Viking Adult.<\/div>\n
13-Lungarella M. & Iida F. & Bongard J. & Pfeifer R., 2007, 50 Years of Artificial Intelligence, Springer.<\/div>\n
14- Maynard-Smith, J., 2000, “The Concept of Information in Biology”, Philosophy of Science, 67, pp.177-194.<\/div>\n
15- Nagel, T., 1974, “What is it like to be a bat?”, The Philosophical Review, Vol.83, No. 4., pp. 435-450.<\/div>\n
16- Pagel, J. F. & Kirshtein, Philip, 2017, Machine Dreaming and Consciousness, Academic Press.<\/div>\n
17- Robinson, W., 2014, Philosophical challenges, In: Franklin, Keith & Ramsy, William (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, Cambridge University Press.<\/div>\n
18- Russell, S., & Norvig, P., 2010, Artificial Intelligence, A Modern Approach (3rd ed.), Prentice Hall.<\/div>\n
19-Searle, J., 1980, “Minds, Brains, and Programs”, The Behavior and Brain Science, No. 3.<\/div>\n
20- ———–, 1984, Minds, Brains, and Science, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.<\/div>\n
21- ———–, 1997, The Mystery of Consciousness, New York, NY: New York Review of Books.<\/div>\n
22- Steels, L., 2007, “Fifty Years of AI; From Symbols to Embodiment – and Back”, in: Lungarella M. & Iida F. & Bongard J. & Pfeifer R. (eds.), 50 Years of Artificial Intelligence, Springer.<\/div>\n
23- Sun, R., 2014, Connectionism and neural networks, In: Franklin, Keith & Ramsy, William (eds.), Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, Cambridge University Press.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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____________________________<\/div>\n
*\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 14 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 “\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623”<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0651\u0647\u064f\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 __________ \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629- \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 – \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. ________________________ \u0645\u0644\u062e\u064e\u0651\u0635 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0651\u0647\u064f\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064f\u0651\u0635\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064d \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u064f\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4197,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4196","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-33"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4196","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4196"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4196\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4198,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4196\/revisions\/4198"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4197"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4196"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4196"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khitabdelta.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4196"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}